Operating principle of angle sensor

Angle sensor, as the name implies, is used to detect the angle. It has a hole in its body to fit the LEGO shaft. When connected to the RCX, the angle sensor counts once every 1 / 16 turn of the shaft. When rotating in one direction, the count increases, and when the rotation direction changes, the count decreases. The count is related to the initial position of the angle sensor. When initializing the angle sensor, its count value is set to 0. If necessary, you can reset it by programming.
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The angle sensor is used to detect the angle. It has a hole in its body to fit the LEGO shaft. When connected to the RCX, the angle sensor counts once every 1 / 16 turn of the shaft. When rotating in one direction, the count increases, and when the direction of the rotation angle sensor changes, the count decreases. The count is related to the initial position of the angle sensor. When initializing the angle sensor, its count value is set to 0. If necessary, you can reset it by programming.
If the angle sensor is connected to any transmission shaft between the motor and the wheel, the correct transmission ratio must be calculated into the read data. Give an example of calculation. On your robot, the motor is connected to the main wheel with a 3:1 transmission ratio. The angle sensor is directly connected to the motor. Therefore, its transmission ratio with the driving wheel is also 3:1. In other words, the angle sensor rotates three times and the driving wheel rotates one time. Each rotation of the angle sensor counts 16 units, so 16 * 3 = 48 increments are equivalent to one rotation of the driving wheel. We need to know the circumference of the gear to calculate the travel distance. Fortunately, the tire of each LEGO gear is marked with its own diameter. We chose the largest wheel with a shaft, with a diameter of 81.6cm (Lego uses metric units), so its circumference is 81.6 × π=81.6 × 3.14≈256.22CM。 All the known quantities are available: the running distance of the gear is the increment recorded by dividing the angle by 48 and then multiplying by 256. Let's summarize. R is the resolution of the angle sensor (count value per rotation), and G is the transmission ratio between the angle sensor and the gear. We define I as the increment of the wheel rotation angle sensor. I = g × R
In the example, G is 3, and for the LEGO angle sensor, R is always 16. Therefore, we can get:
I=3 × 16=48
Each time the gear rotates, the distance it passes is its circumference C. applying this equation and using its diameter, you can draw this conclusion.
C=D × π
In our example:
C=81.6 × 3.14=256.22
The last step is to convert the data - s recorded by the sensor into the distance - t of the wheel movement, using the following equation:
T=S × C/I
If the value read by the photoelectric sensor is 296, you can calculate the corresponding distance:
T=296 × 256.22/48 = 1580 the unit of distance (T) is the same as the unit of wheel diameter
Contactless angle sensor
Contactless angle sensor, also known as contactless potentiometer, is widely used to measure the level and rotation angle of automatic control equipment such as industrial automation equipment, engineering machinery, textile machinery, paper and printing machinery, petrochemical equipment, national defense industry, and is also suitable for wire drawing machines as tension sensors.
Working principle of the temperature sensor