Green building materials

Green building materials, also known as ecological building materials, environmental protection building materials and health building materials, refer to healthy, environmental protection and safety building materials, which are also known internationally as "health building materials" or "environmental protection building materials". Green building materials do not refer to individual building materials products, but the evaluation of the "health, environmental protection and safety" quality of building materials. It pays attention to the impact of building materials on human health and environmental protection and safety and fire prevention performance. It has the properties of degaussing, silencing, dimming, temperature regulation, heat insulation, fire prevention, anti-static, and has special new functional building materials for regulating human functions.

definition
Green building materials refer to building materials that are non-toxic, non polluting, non radioactive, conducive to environmental protection and human health, produced by adopting cleaner production technology, using less natural resources and energy, and using a large amount of industrial or municipal solid waste. It has the properties of degaussing, silencing, dimming, temperature regulation, heat insulation, fire prevention, anti-static, and has special new functional building materials for regulating human functions. In foreign countries, green building materials have long been widely used in green building materials and home decoration, green building materials and home decoration buildings, decoration construction. In China, it is only known as a concept at the beginning. Green building materials are building materials produced by using cleaner production technology and industrial or urban solid waste. At present, China has developed "green building materials" including fiber reinforced gypsum board, ceramics, glass, pipes, composite flooring, carpets, coatings, wallpaper, etc. For example, "mold proof wallpaper", after chemical treatment, the phenomenon of mildew, blistering and mold breeding is eliminated. "Environmental friendly interior and exterior wall emulsion paint" is not only tasteless and pollution-free, but also emits fragrance, and can be washed, re brushed, etc. "Environmental protection carpet" can not only prevent corrosion and insect decay, but also prevent smoldering. "Composite floor" is made of natural wood after surface treatment with imported paint, which has the characteristics of moth proof, mildew proof, corrosion-proof, fire-proof and deformation free. In a word, green building materials are non polluting decorative materials that will not cause harm to human body.
basic feature 
1. The raw materials used in its production should use as few natural resources as possible, and a large number of tailings, garbage, waste liquid and other wastes should be used. Green building materials products green building materials products
2. Adopt low energy consumption manufacturing process and pollution-free production technology.
3. In the process of product preparation or production, formaldehyde, halide solvents or aromatic hydrocarbons shall not be used, and the products shall not contain pigments and additives of mercury and its compounds.
4. The product is designed to improve the production environment and improve the quality of life, that is, the product is not harmful to human health, but should be beneficial to human health. The product has multiple functions, such as antibacterial, sterilization, mildew prevention, deodorization, heat insulation, flame retardance, temperature regulation, humidity regulation, degaussing, radiation prevention, antistatic, etc.
5. The products can be recycled or recycled, and there is no waste that pollutes the environment.
Fold development goals
In the pre selection project of the national key scientific and technological research plan for the ninth five year plan, the Chinese Academy of building materials science and technology proposed five major goals for the research and development of green building materials diatom star paint diatom star paint
① Establish the research and development system of green building materials in China, compile the short-term and long-term development plan of green building materials, establish the database of green building materials, and carry out the research of evaluation technology.
② Carry out exploratory research on green building materials and provide research results of planting green building materials, sand consolidation materials and plant-based concrete for soil improvement in China in the 21st century.
③ Focus on the research on the comprehensive utilization technology of high content fly ash and the comprehensive utilization technology of urban solid waste in the field of building materials; Build a production demonstration line with an annual output of 1.2 million tons of fly ash products and a production line of recycled concrete aggregate with an old treatment capacity of 100 tons of construction waste; A 600000 square meter urban waste plastic HB composite board production line; A production line of 100000 square meters of waste sand, waste glass, colored glass and ceramic plates.
④ Carry out research on sterilization and healthy production of ceramics, electromagnetic shielding materials, light and temperature regulating materials, and provide supporting production technology for the development of a number of green building materials in the 21st world. Combined with technology introduction, digestion and absorption, carry out exploration and Research on waste gas delivery and utilization technology, etc.
type
Air purification
People spend most of their lives indoors. In the new century, people's requirements for the home environment should not only be comfortable and clean, but also be beneficial to physical and mental health. Many developed countries in the world, such as Japan, the United States and Western Europe, have been committed to the research of building materials for environmental protection and health care environment. The "photocatalytic materials" developed by Japan is a revolution in purifying functional materials. Take glass and ceramics as carriers, add TIQ photocatalyst, and under ultraviolet light, convert water and oxygen in the air into reactive oxygen free radicals, and then these free radicals convert SO2, NOx and other polluting gases into various harmless gases or acids. Air purifying glass fiber fluffy filter felt air purifying glass fiber fluffy filter felt
The principle of photocatalyst is used to purify the air, without power or chemical raw materials, and only under the condition of ultraviolet light. In order to improve the efficiency of photocatalysis, Osaka Prefectural University is studying photocatalysis under visible light conditions. Ecoodevice (strain) invented a method of photocatalysis under visible light, that is, a special treatment is carried out on the surface of TiQ2 with a certain material, which improves the photocatalysis effect by 10 times. This method is prepared for wet solar cells and purification functional building materials. Many research departments, such as the Japanese Institute of resources and environmental technology and Osaka Prefectural University, have carried out field experiments on walls with NOx purification functions. Mitsubishi material (strain) began to officially produce light activated bricks - "wild grass" in 1999. It is reported that there are 15 exclusive chain stores, with an annual output of 9million square meters and a price of 12000 yen per square meter. The purification effect of NOx can reach 80%. Japanese Otani is a natural purification material with deodorization and moisture absorption functions. In addition, zeolite and iron porous body can be used as air purification materials, but they can not solve the problem of long-term use. So far, only photocatalytic purification technology can purify the air for a long time.
Health antibacterial
In nature, the transformation of inorganic matter into organic matter mainly depends on plant photosynthesis, while microorganisms play a major role in the transformation of organic matter into inorganic matter. Therefore, the ecological environment includes not only the gas, water and ground environment, but also the microbial environment. However, the hidden dangers and threats brought by microorganisms to human health cannot be ignored. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization in 1998, the number of deaths caused by bacterial infection was 17million in 1995. In 1996, the nationwide incident of pathogenic Escherichia coli O-157 infection in Japan once caused panic all over the world. Therefore, Japan has set off a "antibacterial fever". Antibacterial materials are gradually used not only in hospitals, public places and residences, but also in indoor air purification tiles, household supplies and production tools. The annual sales volume of antibacterial agents has exceeded 21billion yen, and there are more than 100 manufacturers in total. The sales volume of antibacterial products reached more than 50billion yen. The products of Inax (strain) and Toto (strain), the two largest construction ceramics and sanitary ceramics Companies in Japan, have been mostly changed to antibacterial products. The origin of antibacterial materials can be traced back to the silver or copper containers used by ancient people. The water retained in this container is not easy to deteriorate. It has been used for clothes since the 20th century. Food and housing to control harmful microorganisms. After the emergence of antibacterial and odor resistant fiber products in the 1980s, antibacterial products have successively involved wood, paint, plastic, metal, food and cosmetics, as well as telephone, computer, stationery, toys and other items that people daily contact. Antibacterial materials can be divided into inorganic antibacterial materials and organic antibacterial materials. The latter has short service life and is harmful to human body, so it is not easy to be used in building materials.
Antibacterial material
As follows:
1. Metal oxides have certain antibacterial properties. The antibacterial effect is as follows: ago, Cuo, ZnO, Cao, MgO.
2. Antibacterial agent containing metal ions and with silicate as carrier (first generation). The antibacterial effects of metal ions are: AG, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe... Commonly used are AG, Cu, Zn, etc.
3. Photocatalytic antibacterial purification materials (second generation). Photocatalytic antibacterial or purification uses reactive oxygen species produced under light irradiation. For example, TiQ2 antibacterial purification material has purification, self-cleaning and antibacterial functions at the same time, and can play a role for a long time. Therefore, these products have a wide range of application prospects in environmental protection. However, when using sol gel to prepare ceramics, enamel and glass products in production, special equipment is needed, which makes it difficult to control, the cost of the product is high, and the antibacterial performance is poor.
4. Rare earth activated health antibacterial materials (third generation). In order to make up for the above antibacterial deficiencies and make it more convenient to use, China Building Materials Research Institute has developed a new generation of antibacterial materials. It adopts the activation means of rare earth ions and molecules, and makes full use of the antibacterial effect of the main composite salt of photocatalysis, so as to achieve and improve the multifunctional antibacterial effect. When making antibacterial ceramics, it fully reflects the current ceramic glaze composition and the optimal formula of far-infrared ceramics and antibacterial ceramics.
5. Application fields, namely coatings, plastic products, fresh-keeping; Fiber, non-woven products, clothing materials; Enamel products, metal plates, building and sanitary ceramics and ceramic products.
Conformity mark
Ten ring sign
The certification of the national environmental protection bureau is authoritative. Applying for this sign requires sampling inspection of the physical and environmental performance of building materials, and the production site also needs to meet the environmental protection requirements. The cost is: calculated according to the scale of two products with less than 30 people in the enterprise, the minimum is 22500 yuan [excluding the inspection cost]. Shihuan mark type II [self declaration mark of the enterprise]: the applicant enterprise issues a copy of the physical performance and environmental protection performance inspection report of the building materials, which can be the entrusted inspection report, and the minimum cost is 13000 yuan.
Fire signs
It is the first sign in China that requires both fire prevention and environmental protection, and it is the most difficult sign to apply in the market at present. To apply for this sign, the enterprise needs to issue three major reports on fire performance, environmental protection performance and physical performance, which must be spot checked, and the environmental protection performance standard implements the new standard [higher than the requirements of the national standard], and it also needs to conduct on-site environmental protection review. This sign is 15000 yuan / 2 years [excluding inspection fees], and will be the most authoritative sign in China.
Evaluation method
The evaluation index system of green building materials is divided into two categories: the first is the single factor evaluation system, which is generally used for health evaluation indicators, including radioactive intensity and formaldehyde content. Among these indicators, if one of them is unqualified, it will not meet the standard of green building materials. The second category is composite evaluation indicators, including total volatile content, human sensory test, fire resistance grade and comprehensive utilization indicators. Among such indicators, if one indicator is not good, it does not necessarily exclude the scope of green building materials. A large number of studies have shown that indoor air pollution directly related to human health mainly comes from indoor walls, floor decoration materials, doors and windows and furniture manufacturing materials. The content and radioactive intensity of VOC, benzene, formaldehyde, heavy metals, etc. in these materials will cause damage to human health. The degree of damage is not only related to the content of these harmful substances, but also related to their emission characteristics, that is, the emission time. Therefore, the testing and evaluation indicators of green building materials should comprehensively consider the content and emission characteristics of various harmful substances in building materials, select scientific testing methods, and determine clear and quantifiable evaluation indicators. Green building materials product standard green building materials product standard
According to the definition and characteristics of green building materials, green building materials need to meet four goals, namely, basic goals, environmental protection goals, health goals and safety goals. The basic objectives include function, quality, service life and economy; Environmental protection objectives require that the impact of building materials production, transportation, waste and other links on the environment be assessed from an environmental perspective; Health objective: considering that building materials, as a special kind of materials, are closely related to human life, they must be non-toxic and harmless to human health during use; Safety objectives include flammability and safety of combustion released gases. The evaluation indicators of green building materials are formulated around four objectives, which can be summarized as product quality indicators, environmental load indicators, human health indicators and safety indicators. Quantify these indicators and analyze their weights for different types of building materials, and use the evaluation method of ISO14000 series standards and specifications to evaluate the green degree. Therefore, based on the above two system indicators, it is suggested to use the single factor evaluation method to evaluate item by item in the definition to determine whether it is a "green building material product".
Green certification
Green syndrome effect
After the enterprise produces building materials, it needs to face the market and consumers. For consumers, it is impossible to identify what kind of products are environmentally friendly, healthy and green. At this time, the enterprise needs a third party, that is, the certification authority, to issue relevant marks or certificates to prove that the products are high-quality.
Certification unit
Certified by China Building Materials Market Association, the association will issue bronze medals and green building materials product certificates to enterprises. In order to regulate the building materials market and carry out work without profit, the enterprises applying for the certificate need to issue environmental performance and physical performance inspection reports, which can be {hottag} entrusted inspection reports.
Validity period of certificate and application fee
The certificate is valid for 1 year and the application fee is 3600 yuan.
Time of applying for certificate
Green building materials product certificate [China Building Materials Market Association], if the enterprise has an inspection report [which must be within 12 months], the minimum time from submitting the application to issuing the certificate is 15 days. For the application of fire protection and environmental protection signs, if the enterprise has an inspection report, the time is 30 days. If there is no inspection report, it takes more than 45 days.
The ten ring logo takes about 50 days from application to certificate issuance.
Preparations for applying enterprises
The enterprise needs to fill in the application form. If it needs sampling inspection, the enterprise needs to prepare the base number of sampling samples according to the regulations. Others, of course, need to pay fees; For the rest, enterprises do not need to do other work.
Product identification
First, the most intuitive way is to view China's environmental signs. Its figure is composed of green mountains, green water, the sun in the center and ten rings around it. The central structure of the graph represents the environment on which human beings depend for survival. The ten outer rings are closely combined and closely linked, indicating public participation and joint protection of the environment; At the same time, the word "ring" of the ten rings is the same as the word "ring" of the environment, which means "all the people are connected to jointly protect the environment on which human beings live".
Second, "look, smell, ask, and cut" to identify materials.
Look, that is, look at the appearance, see whether the instructions indicate the ingredients, and whether they contain toxic substances;
Second, smell, namely smell, smell whether it is irritating;
Third, ask whether its products have been tested by relevant authorities and whether they are safe;
Four cuts, that is, touch with your hand to feel whether there is a burning feeling and whether there is erythema on the part you touch.
Application examples
In the promotion and application of key scientific and technological achievements of independent research and development, Zhongding Lantian proposed three major goals for the research and development of new ecological inorganic renewable building materials: 1. Straw ecological renewable tiles 2. Ecological composite wheat straw board 3. Directional structure ecological door technology. In 2009, an annual production line of 150000 square meters was expanded, mainly for the research, development, production and sales of new energy, ecological and environmental protection products, new building materials and decorative materials. We hope that consumers' living conditions are "the enjoyment of modern people, the environment of primitive people", and "environmental protection" has gradually become the past; "Ecology" is quietly emerging. Ecology reflects the civilization of modern people, which can nourish individuals in the breath of nature, return to nature, and form a whole between heaven and earth. As the main raw material of "Zhongding Lantian" production is the straw of crops such as rice and wheat from nature, and people will have a sense of intimacy and inherent harmony to the home environment where they are raised. Consumers use our products for building materials decoration and home furnishing, so that people can live in it
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