Basalt fiber

                                                                               Basalt fiber

Basalt fiber: continuous fiber drawn from natural basalt. It is a continuous fiber made of basalt stone after melting at 1450 ℃ ~1500 ℃ through high-speed drawing of platinum rhodium alloy drawing bushing. The color of pure natural basalt fiber is generally brown. Basalt fiber is a new type of inorganic environmental protection green high-performance fiber material, which is composed of silica, alumina, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, iron oxide, titanium dioxide and other oxides. Basalt continuous fiber not only has high strength, but also has many excellent properties such as electrical insulation, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and so on. In addition, the production process of basalt fiber determines that there is less waste and less environmental pollution, and the product can be directly degraded in the environment after being discarded without any harm, so it is a kind of green and environmental protection material worthy of the name. China has listed basalt fiber as one of the four major fibers (carbon fiber, aramid fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and basalt fiber) for key development, and has realized industrial production. Basalt continuous fiber has been widely used in many fields, such as fiber reinforced composites, friction materials, shipbuilding materials, heat insulation materials, automotive industry, high-temperature filter fabrics and protection fields.
features
The surface of basalt fiber is smooth with low surface energy. After surface modification, nano SiO2 particles are added to the surface, which effectively improves the surface roughness of the fiber and increases the effective contact area between microorganisms and carriers; After modification, there were cations on the surface, the surface potential of the carrier increased, and the surface of the carrier was positively charged. The use of electrostatic attraction to promote microbial immobilization was conducive to microbial immobilization; The active functional groups on the modified surface increase the surface energy of the carrier. The hydroxyl, carbonyl or carboxyl groups contained in the modified surface play a positive role in the adhesion and growth of microorganisms on the surface of the carrier. Through surface modification of basalt fiber carrier, it has good hydrophilicity and microbial loading performance, so that it can load more biomass and maintain high microbial activity for a long time, so as to achieve more effective degradation of pollutants in water by biofilm method.

Fibre products
1. Basalt fiber untwisted roving is a basalt fiber product made by combining multiple strands of parallel precursor or single strands of parallel precursor without twisting,
2. Basalt fiber textile yarn is a yarn made of several basalt fiber filaments through twisting and merging, and the monofilament diameter is generally 9-17 μ m。 Textile yarn can be divided into weaving yarn and other industrial yarn; Weaving yarn mainly consists of tube yarn and bottle shaped bobbin yarn.
3. Basalt fiber chopped yarn is a product made of continuous basalt fiber precursor. The fibers are coated with (silane) wetting agent. Therefore, basalt fiber chopped yarn is the preferred material for reinforcing thermoplastic resin, and it is also the best material for reinforcing concrete. Basalt is a high-performance volcanic rock component. This special silicate makes basalt fiber have excellent chemical resistance, especially alkali resistance. Therefore, basalt fiber is an excellent material to replace polypropylene (PP) and polyacrylonitrile (Pan) for strengthening cement concrete; It is also a competitive substitute for polyester fiber, lignin fiber and other products used in asphalt concrete, which can improve the high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance and fatigue resistance of asphalt concrete.
4. Basalt fiber expanded yarn is made by passing basalt fiber yarn through an expanded yarn machine with high performance. The forming principle is as follows: the high-speed air flow enters the forming and expanding channel to form turbulent flow, which is used to disperse the basalt fiber to form a terry fiber, so as to endow the basalt fiber with bulkiness and produce expanded yarn.
5. Basalt fiber cloth
6. Basalt fiber felt
7. Basalt fiber composite
Compared with carbon fiber, aramid fiber, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (UHMWPE) and other high-tech fibers, basalt fiber not only has the characteristics of high strength and high modulus of high-tech fiber, but also has excellent properties such as good high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, radiation resistance, thermal insulation and sound insulation, good filtration, high compressive strength and shear strength, and is suitable for use in various environments, with good cost performance, It is a kind of pure natural inorganic non-metallic material, and also a new basic material and high-tech fiber that can meet the development needs of basic industries of the national economy.
Basalt fiber and its composites can better meet the needs of structural materials in national defense construction, transportation, construction, petrochemical, environmental protection, electronics, aviation, aerospace and other fields, and play an important role in promoting national defense construction, major projects and industrial structure upgrading. It is not only a green material that meets the requirements of ecological environment in the 21st century, but also a competitive new material industry with sustainable development in the world's high-tech fiber industry. In particular, China has owned the basalt fiber manufacturing technology and process with independent intellectual property rights, and has reached the international leading level with the post development advantage of "catching up from behind". Therefore, it is undoubtedly of great significance to vigorously develop the basalt fiber and its composite industry.
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Fiber surface modification technologies mainly include surface oxidation modification technology, electroless plating / electroplating surface modification technology, plasma modification technology and coating modification technology. Among them, coating modification technology is the most widely used, mainly to improve its mechanical properties, environmental anti-aging performance and composite properties with other materials. Ying Shuni [7] introduced a block copolymer macromolecular coupling agent (ps-b-phea) of polystyrene (PS) and hydroxyethyl polyacrylate (Phea) into the basalt fiber (BF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) composite system to improve the interface properties of the composite. G. J. wang[8] used low-temperature plasma technology to modify basalt fiber, improve surface chemical stability and roughness, and introduce surface active groups, which is conducive to improving its adhesion performance. Denni kurniawan[9] used glow plasma to polymerize basalt fiber / polylactic acid composites, and the mechanical properties, strength and modulus of the materials were increased by 45% and 18% respectively.
Taking basalt fiber as a carrier material for water purification as a new research direction, under the guidance of microbial carrier immobilization theory, give full play to the advantages and environment-friendly characteristics of new environmentally friendly material basalt fiber, apply the method of fiber material surface modification, improve the surface energy and biological affinity of the carrier, create a new environmentally friendly biological carrier, and evaluate the performance of basalt fiber carrier through application research, It is a new direction to expand the application field of basalt fiber materials. Basalt fiber as a carrier material for water purification is still a blank field. Basalt fiber has the general performance as a microbial carrier. However, in order to better improve its surface microbial adhesion, its surface needs to be modified, which is an urgent problem to be solved for the wide application of basalt fiber carriers.
Application of basalt fiber in functional clothing: basalt fiber cloth has high strength, permanent flame retardancy, short-term temperature resistance above 1000 ℃, and can be used at 760 ℃ for a long time. It is an ideal material to replace asbestos and glass fiber cloth. Basalt fiber cloth has high breaking strength, high temperature resistance and permanent flame retardancy. It is a low-cost substitute for Nomex (Aramid 1313), Kevlar (aramid 1414), Zylon (PBO), carbon fiber and other high-performance fibers and advanced fibers. Basalt fabric can be dyed and printed after chemical dyeing. After functional finishing, such as organic fluorine finishing, it can be made into oil and water proof permanent flame retardant cloth. The clothing that can be made of basalt fiber cloth includes: Fire Fighting Protective clothing for firefighters, heat insulation clothing, fire protection clothing, protective clothing for firemen, welding work clothing, and flame retardant clothing for military armored vehicle occupants.
                                                                    Shijiazhuang Jingjin mechanical equipment installation Co., Ltd